Virus

                               

              CORONAVIRUS

                                                                                                

     Coronaviruses    

They are infectious disease and have a large family of viruses which are generally known to affect birds and mammals, including humans. It cause illness like common cold, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome(MERS), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS) and many acute disease. They are named from the crown-like spikes on their surface.

coronavirus

  

The structure of coronavirus consist of  several parts

• internal part is RNA and N protein  
• part which cover protein is Envelope(85nm)
• cover contain membrane protein(125nm)
• outer part is Spike protein(20nm)

structure

           Origin          

Coronavirus were discovered in year 1930 which was an acute respiretory infection

found in chickens and the virus was Infectious Bronchities Virus  (IBV) . In year 1940 the virus was found in mouse which was Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV) and Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus(TGEV), the human coronavirus was discovered in year 1960 which was Human Coronavirus 229E (HCOV-229E)

origin

     Classification    

They are generally classified as Alpha(TGEV), Beta(MHV),  Gama(IBV) and Delta out of these           alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus infect mammals and gamacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus which infect birds.

          

        Species                                         Genus

      
         Alphacoronavirus                          
                                                                 Bat coronavirus CDPHE15 

                                                                 Bat coronavirus HKU10

                                                                 Human coronavirus 229E 

                                                                 Human coronavirus NL63 

                                                                 Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1 

                                                                 Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8 

                                                                 Mink coronavirus 1

                                                                 Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus 

                                                                 Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2 

                                                                 Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512

           Betacoronavirus                                                 

                                                                 Betacoronavirus 1 

                                                                 Hedgehog coronavirus 1

                                                                 Human coronavirus HKU1 

                                                                 Middle East respiratory 
                                                                 syndrome-related coronavirus

                                                                 Murine coronavirus

                                                                 Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 

                                                                 Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9 

                                                                 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-
                                                                 related coronavirus

                                                                 Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4 

           Deltacoronavirus                                                 
                                                                 Bulbul coronavirus HKU11

                                                                 Common moorhen coronavirus HKU21

                                                                 Coronavirus HKU15 

                                                                 Munia coronavirus HKU13 

                                                                 Night heron coronavirus HKU19

                                                                 Thrush coronavirus HKU12

                                                                 White-eye coronavirus HKU16 

                                                                 Wigeon coronavirus HKU20

           Gammacoronavirus          
                                                                 Avian coronavirus 

                                                                 Beluga whale coronav 

              Spread              

Infection occurs when viruses , bacteria or other microbes enter your body and begin to multiply.  They damage your body cells which result in infection an cause illness.

• they are spread through one host to another 
• it spread through solid waste or bio waste which are generated by human
• it can also spread through Formites .
• it can spread through fly , shaking hands, kissing, while sneezingand etc
• infected person are the best environment for replication of the virus/
• in human it generally infect the epithelial cells of the respiratory.
• in animals it infect the epithelial cells of digestive tract.

          Symptoms          

To show these symptoms if person get infected with these virus it take 5 to 6 days or it may take 14 days from the day if infected.

•     fever.

•     tiredness.

•     dry cough.

•     aches and pains.

•     nasal congestion.

•     runny nose.

•     sore throat.

•     diarrhoea.

           Precaution          

                                                                                

 1.Avoid close contact with people who are sick.

 2. Maintain at least three feet distance between 

    yourself and anyone who is coughing
    or sneezing.

                                                       

 3.Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth.

                                                           

4.Cover your cough or sneeze with a tissue,

   then dispose of the tissue safely.

5.Clean and disinfect frequently-touched            

   objects  and surfaces using a regular 

   household cleaning spray or wipe.

6.Wearing a mask is not necessary unless

   you are taking care of an infected person. 

7.Always wash hands with soap and water

   when hands are visibly dirty.

8.If you have a fever, cough and difficulty 

   breathing, seek medical attention
   immediately.

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